PSG has now secured the prestigious trophy on fourteen different occasions.
Paris Saint-Germain needed a dramatic equaliser followed by a perfect spot-kick decider to overcome Marseille in Kuwait and secure a record-extending fourth consecutive French Super Cup victory.
The European champions appeared to be sailing towards a straightforward win in the match featuring the French league champions and the Coupe de France holders after Ousmane Dembele found the net early on.
However, the southern French side fired twice late to seize a shock lead. First, the English forward scored from the penalty spot, before the defender unfortunately turned the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a breathtaking twist of fortune, Goncalo Ramos snatched a crucial equaliser in the dying seconds to force the match into a deciding shootout. PSG goalkeeper Lucas Chevalier then emerged as the key figure, stopping decisive kicks from O'Riley and Traore.
From the spot, Goncalo Ramos, the midfielder, the full-back, and the young talent all converted with composure for PSG to seal a 4-1 penalty victory.
The record winners Paris Saint-Germain, who faced last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Olympique de Marseille after completing a domestic double, have now lifted this trophy for the 12th time in the past 13 years.
